Dynamo-regulator.



PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1904,

G. S. NEELEY. DYNAMO REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAH.19. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

2000 Vo/fs.

PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. S. NEELEY. DYNAMO REGULATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 19. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

222 wwanwu 2,2 1 II!!! mwwww III I III- II III II 1 mm wul lbwalz;

PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. S. NEELEY. DYNAMO REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.19, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

N0 'MODEL.

. UNITED STATES Patented September 13, 1904.

GEORGES. NEELEY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

DYNAIVIO-REGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 770,098, dated September 13, 1904. Application filed January 19, 1904. Serial No. 189,768. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. NEELEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo- Regulators, of which the following is a specification containing a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof. 7

My invention relates to dynamo-regulators; and my invention comprises the novel features herein shown, described, and claimed.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved regulator applicable to alternating generators and also to shunt-wound directcurrent dynamos for the automatic production of steady voltage regardless of changes in load and five-per-cent. variations in speed.

My improved regulator, as shown in the first seven figures of the drawings,is designed principally for the automatic regulation of the voltage of alternating-current dynamos. The principal part is a solenoid wound with a very fine wire and necessarily of a very high resistance and is adapted to be connected directly across the primary circuit of any alternating dynamo of preferably not less than two thousand volts. The core of this solenoid is mechanically connected to a feed mechanism carrying an ordinary carbon,such as used in arc-lighting, and of sufl'icient crosssection or diameter to transmit all of the shuntcurrent necessary to excite the exciting-generator to its maximum limit.

For alternating generators my improved regulator is equipped with a compound winding consisting of a few turns of heavier wire than is used on the regular winding of the solenoid and placed entirely on one end of the winding of the solenoid and over the regular winding. This compound winding is preferably supplied with current from a series transformer. The effect of this winding is to increase the voltage of the alternating-current generator when its load or current consumption increases, which may be utilized to compensate for line losses by maintaining a constant voltage at any distant point on the lines supplied with current from the alternating generator. The degree of compound effect can be regulated at will by increasing or decreasing the number of lamps in the circuit with the compound winding. Regulation is accomplished without the use of rheostats by maintaining an are between two carbon pencils, which are included in series with the shunt field-circuit of the exciting-generator, the degree and length of the are being maintained automatically by the solenoid, the latter changing the distance between the carbons as changes occur in the voltage of the alternating generator to be regulated. The length of this are or the distance between the carbons produces the correct resistance necessary for the proper excitation of the exciting-generator, which further operates to regulate the voltage of the alternating dynamo. In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing my improved dynamoregulator applied to a single-phase alternating system. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic View showing my improved dynamo-regulator applied to a threephase alternating system. Fig. 3 is an enlarged front elevation of the arc-forming contacts, the solenoid for controlling the arc, and the casing for protecting these parts, the casing being shown with the doors open. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the lower end of the solenoid-core, the upper part of the core being broken away, said section being taken on the line 4: 4c of Fig. 7. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the casing and showing the solenoid in plan,said section being taken on the line 5 f Fig.3 and looking downwardly. Fig. 6 is a vertical central section of the upper end of the solenoid-core and taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional detail on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4 and looking downwardly.

Referring to the drawings in detail and first to Fig. 1, the arc-forming contacts 10 and 11 are connected in series with the shunt fieldwinding 12 of the exciter 13. A switch 14 connects the shunt field-winding to the rheostat 15, so that in case of derangement to the regulator system the switch may be thrown in and the circuit may then be regulated by the rheostat. \Vhen the arc-forming contacts are in order, the rheostat is not used. The coil 16 acts as a safety resistance in case the solenoid should for any reason break the are by separating the contacts too far, and in the latter case the circuit would not be entirely broken and current would pass throughsaid coil, and thus prevent what is known as a field or static discharge. The resistance of the coil 16 is so proportioned that it will carry just sufficient current to excite the field-coil 12 of the exciter 13, so that it will produce a voltage slightly below normal at minimum load. The exciter 13 is connected to the field 17 of the single-phase dynamo 18. The solenoid-core 19 is adapted to operate the contact 10. The primary winding 20 is connected across the primary circuit 21, so as to energize the solenoid to open the arc. The secondary winding 22 leads through the regulater 23 and through the series transformer 24 in the primary circuit, so that the energy of the secondary winding may be regulated and so that said energy will counterbalance a part of the energy of the primary winding.

If it is desired to maintain a primary circuit of two thousand volts, the dynamo is started, and as the voltage nears two thousand the primary winding of the solenoid is energized and raises the contact and forms an arc, and if the voltage goes above two thousand this are is increased to increase the resistance in shunt field-winding. The arc-forming contacts are preferably carbon rods, such as are used in arc-lights, and the shunt-field may be adjusted or balanced so that when the primary circuit of two thousand volts is being maintained only a slight arc is visible between the carbonsf If the load on the primary circuit is reduced, the voltage increases, thus enlarging the arc and increasing the resistance in the shunt field-winding, thereby reducing the excitement of the dynamo, and an equilibrium is maintained. The voltage of the primary winding will be the same as that of the primary circuit 21-say two thousand- This primary winding must be very fine, and the magnetic influence will ordinarily be too strong. The most practical way of adjusting and reducing this magnetic strength is to add the adjusting-spring 67 and provide the secondary winding and run it through a regulator and a transformer in series with the primary circuit and locate this secondary winding below or around the lower part of the solenoid-core, so that the energy of the secondary winding tends to close the are. In other words, the secondary winding counterbalances a part of the force of the primary winding, the amount of this counterbalancing force being controlled by the regulator. The effect of this winding is to increase the voltage of the alternating-current generator when its load or current consumption increases, which may be utilized to compensate for line losses by maintaining a constant voltage at any distant point on the lines supplied with current from the alternating generator.

In Fig. 2 is shown a three-phase primary circuit 25, which may have a voltage of, say,

six thousand, and then I employ a potential transformer 26 between the primary circuit and the primary winding-line to reduce the voltage to, say, two thousand, and with this exception the system shown in Fig. 2 is the same as Fig. 1. i

The details of the solenoid are shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

The solenoid-casing comprises the back 27, the sides 28 and 29, the top 30, the bottom 31, the shelf 32, the upper door 33, and the lower door 34. The legs are secured to the shelf 32, the solenoid-spool 36 is mounted upon these legs, and the primarywinding 20, of fine wire, is carried by the spool 36. The secondary winding 22, of coarse wire,is wound around the lower end of the primary winding. Incandescent lamps are placed upon the outside of the box side 29 in position to be cut into the line of the secondary winding, thus forming the regulator 23. W ires lead from the binding-posts 37 and 38 through the series transformer 24, and the secondary winding22 leads to said binding-posts. Wires lead from the binding-posts 39 and 40 to the primary circuit, and primary winding 20 is connected to said binding-posts.

The core-supporting frame 41 is adjustably connected to two of the legs 35. The carboncarrying stem 42 is a tube of conducting material and has a clamp 43 at its lower end to receive the carbon 10. The brass core-tube 44 has a longitudinal opening 45, through which the stem 42 slides freely, and a coreclamping head 46 is formed integral with the lower end of said tube. The laminations 47, of magnetic iron, are placed upon the tube and clamped in position by the nut 48, thus forming the core. Guide-arms 49 extend laterally both ways from the lower end of the core-tube below the head 46, and guide-sleeves 50,of insulating material, are vertically mounted in the outer ends of said arms.

Slots 51 are formed in the tube 44 transversely of the arms 49, and clamp-carrying arms 52 extend from said tube in transverse alinement with said slots, said arms also being slotted. The outer ends of the links 53 are pivotally connected in the slots of said arms and at the outer ends of the arms, and the inner ends of said links are pivotally connected to the carbon-stem-clamping jaws 54, said clamping-jaws sliding vertically in the slots 51 and resting normally upon the core-supporting frame 41. The carbon carrying stem 42 passes between the clamping-jaws and is large enough to hold said jaws apart and not allow the inner ends of the links to swing down to a horizontal position. When the jaws are resting upon the frame 41 and supporting the weight of the core, the inner ends of the links will be elevated, thus moving the jaws apart and releasing the stem, thus allowing the stem to descend until the upper carbon rests upon the lower carbon. I/Vhen the core is elevated,

the jaws drop against the stem, thus gripping and elevating the stem and opening the are. The core-guiding head 55 is adjustably screwseated upon the upper end of the core-tube 4:4 and held in its adjusted position by the setscrew 56. Guide-rod arms 57 extend horizontally from this head and carry the vertical guide sleeves 58, of. insulating material. Guide rods 59 extend rigidly downwardly from the solenoid spool 36 through the guidesleeves 50, and similar guide-rods 60 extend rigidly upwardly from the solenoid spool through the guide-sleeves 58, said guide-rods holding the core 19 in its vertical central position and out of frictional contact with the other parts. The adjusting-lever-supporting arms 61 extend upwardly from the head 55. The lever-ring 62 is pivotall y mounted upon said arms. A lever-arm 63 connects one side of said ring to the link 64, said link being attached to the solenoid-spool, so as to support the lever-arm, and the second lever-arm, 65, extends from the other side of the ring to form a bearing for the spring adj usting-rod 66, said rod being connected to the solenoid -spool by the spring 67, the tension of said spring being regulated by the nuts 68 upon the rod 66 and the tension of said spring being exerted to partly counterbalance the energy of the primary winding, so as to allow a finer adjustment of the voltage than could be obtained by the cutting in of lamps. A flexible wire 69 leads from the upper end of the carbon-carrying stem 42 to the binding-post 7 0 at the upper end of the box, then to the binding-post 71. The carbon 11 is held in the socket 72, attached to the bottom 31 of the box, by the setscrew 73, and the binding-post 74 is carried by said socket. The shunt field-winding 12 leads to the posts 71 and 74.

When properly adjusted and in order, my dynamo-regulator is automatic in its action. Any change in the voltage of the primary circuit produces a compensating change in the are, thereby increasing or decreasing the power of the shunt field-winding and establishing an equilibrium.

My regulator is designed, primarily, for use in alternating circuits; but, as before suggested, it may be used with shunt-wound directcurrent dynamos.

I claim- 1. A dynamo-regnlator,comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of arc-forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the exciter field-winding; and a solenoid in circuit with said alternating generator and adapted to automatically regulate the resistance of said exciter field-winding, substantially as specified.

2. Adynamo-regulator,comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of arc-forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the exciter field-winding; a solenoid for controlling the are; a primary solenoid-winding for opening the are; and a secondary solenoid winding adapted to partially counterbalance the energy of said primary winding, substantially as specified.

3. A dynamo-regulator, comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of arc forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the exciter field-winding; a solenoid for controlling the are; a primary solenoid-winding for opening the are; a secondary solenoid-winding adapted to partially counterbalance the energy of said primary winding, and means for regulating the current in said secondary winding, substantially as specified.

at. Adynamo-regulator,comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of are-forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the exciter field-winding; a solenoid for controlling the are; a primary windi mg for said solenoid adapted to open the arc; a potential transformer; a

secondary winding for said solenoid to partially counterbalance the energy of said primary winding, and a series transformer connecting said secondary winding to the main circuit, substantially as specified.

5. A dynamo-regulator, comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of arc forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the exciter fieldwinding, a primary solenoid-winding for opening the are, means for energizing said winding from the main circuit, a secondary solenoid-winding to partially counterbalance the energy of said primary winding, a series transformer in the main circuit for energizing the secondary solcnoid-winding, and a plurality of lamps for regulating the energy of the said secondary solenoid-winding, substantially as specified.

6. A dynaino-regulator, comprising the combination with an alternating generator and its exciter, of a pair of arc forming contacts adapted to be placed in series with the shunt field-winding of said generator, a primary solenoid-winding for opening the arc, means for energizing said winding from the main circuit, asecondary solenoidwinding to partially counterbalance the energy of said primary winding, a series transformer in the main circuit for energizing the secondary solenoidwinding, a plurality of lamps for regulating the energy of the said secondary solenoid- .winding, and an adjusting-spring for accurately regulating the are, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE S. NEELEY.

l/Vitnesses:

M. G. IRION, JOHN C. HIGDON.

IIO 

